notifier/internal/metrics/metrics.go

// Package metrics exposes Prometheus metrics for the notifier service.
//
// Notification totals are sampled from the service's own stats rather than
// instrumented inline, so the service layer stays metrics-agnostic; the
// sampling interval bounds staleness at a few seconds, which is fine for
// counters scraped every 15-60s.
package metrics

import (
	"context"
	"net/http"
	"strconv"
	"time"

	"github.com/igodwin/notifier/internal/domain"
	"github.com/igodwin/notifier/internal/logging"
	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promhttp"
)

// Collector owns the notifier metrics and the sampling loop.
type Collector struct {
	registry *prometheus.Registry

	notificationsByStatus *prometheus.GaugeVec
	notificationsByType   *prometheus.GaugeVec
	queueDepth            prometheus.Gauge

	httpRequests *prometheus.CounterVec
	httpDuration *prometheus.HistogramVec

	service domain.NotificationService
	queue   domain.Queue
	logger  *logging.Logger
}

// NewCollector creates and registers the notifier metrics.
func NewCollector(service domain.NotificationService, queue domain.Queue, logger *logging.Logger) *Collector {
	registry := prometheus.NewRegistry()

	c := &Collector{
		registry: registry,
		service:  service,
		queue:    queue,
		logger:   logger,
		notificationsByStatus: prometheus.NewGaugeVec(prometheus.GaugeOpts{
			Name: "notifier_notifications",
			Help: "Number of tracked notifications by status.",
		}, []string{"status"}),
		notificationsByType: prometheus.NewGaugeVec(prometheus.GaugeOpts{
			Name: "notifier_notifications_by_type",
			Help: "Number of tracked notifications by notification type.",
		}, []string{"type"}),
		queueDepth: prometheus.NewGauge(prometheus.GaugeOpts{
			Name: "notifier_queue_depth",
			Help: "Number of messages currently waiting in the queue.",
		}),
		httpRequests: prometheus.NewCounterVec(prometheus.CounterOpts{
			Name: "notifier_http_requests_total",
			Help: "REST API requests by method, path pattern, and status code.",
		}, []string{"method", "path", "code"}),
		httpDuration: prometheus.NewHistogramVec(prometheus.HistogramOpts{
			Name:    "notifier_http_request_duration_seconds",
			Help:    "REST API request duration.",
			Buckets: prometheus.DefBuckets,
		}, []string{"method", "path"}),
	}

	registry.MustRegister(
		c.notificationsByStatus,
		c.notificationsByType,
		c.queueDepth,
		c.httpRequests,
		c.httpDuration,
		prometheus.NewGoCollector(),
		prometheus.NewProcessCollector(prometheus.ProcessCollectorOpts{}),
	)

	return c
}

// Handler returns the /metrics HTTP handler.
func (c *Collector) Handler() http.Handler {
	return promhttp.HandlerFor(c.registry, promhttp.HandlerOpts{})
}

// Run samples service stats until ctx is cancelled.
func (c *Collector) Run(ctx context.Context, interval time.Duration) {
	if interval <= 0 {
		interval = 10 * time.Second
	}
	ticker := time.NewTicker(interval)
	defer ticker.Stop()

	for {
		select {
		case <-ctx.Done():
			return
		case <-ticker.C:
			c.sample(ctx)
		}
	}
}

func (c *Collector) sample(ctx context.Context) {
	sampleCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 5*time.Second)
	defer cancel()

	if stats, err := c.service.GetStats(sampleCtx); err == nil {
		c.notificationsByStatus.Reset()
		for status, count := range stats.ByStatus {
			c.notificationsByStatus.WithLabelValues(status).Set(float64(count))
		}
		c.notificationsByType.Reset()
		for typ, count := range stats.ByType {
			c.notificationsByType.WithLabelValues(typ).Set(float64(count))
		}
	} else if c.logger != nil {
		c.logger.Debugf("metrics: failed to sample service stats: %v", err)
	}

	if size, err := c.queue.Size(sampleCtx); err == nil {
		c.queueDepth.Set(float64(size))
	}
}

// InstrumentHTTP wraps an HTTP handler with request count and duration
// metrics. The path label uses the route pattern when available (via
// gorilla/mux CurrentRoute) to keep cardinality bounded.
func (c *Collector) InstrumentHTTP(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		start := time.Now()
		sw := &statusWriter{ResponseWriter: w, status: http.StatusOK}
		next.ServeHTTP(sw, r)

		path := routePattern(r)
		c.httpRequests.WithLabelValues(r.Method, path, strconv.Itoa(sw.status)).Inc()
		c.httpDuration.WithLabelValues(r.Method, path).Observe(time.Since(start).Seconds())
	})
}

type statusWriter struct {
	http.ResponseWriter
	status int
}

func (w *statusWriter) WriteHeader(status int) {
	w.status = status
	w.ResponseWriter.WriteHeader(status)
}

// routePattern extracts the mux route template (e.g. /api/v1/notifications/{id})
// so metrics don't explode into one series per notification ID.
func routePattern(r *http.Request) string {
	if route := currentRoute(r); route != "" {
		return route
	}
	return "unmatched"
}